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Antimicrobial Name： Kanamycin (Kantrex)
CAS Number： 59-01-8
Type of Antibiotic： Aminonucleoside
Origin： Fermentation
Functional Category： Antibiotic
Molecular Weight： 484.499
Mechanism of Action： Aminoglycosides like kanamycin “irreversibly” bind to specific 30S-subunit proteins and 16S rRNA. Specifically Kanamycin binds to four nucleotides of 16S rRNA and a single amino acid of protein S12. This interferes with decoding site in the vicinity of nucleotide 1400 in 16S rRNA of 30S subunit. This region interacts with the wobble base in the anticodon of tRNA. This leads to interference with the initiation complex, misreading of mRNA so incorrect amino acids are inserted into the polypeptide leading to nonfunctional or toxic peptides and the breakup of polysomes into nonfunctional monosomes.
Chemical Formula：

C18H36N4O11

Melting point：

263 - 268 °C
Resistance Genes：

kanR:  aminoglycoside 3'-phosphotransferase, kanamycin resistance

aph: aminoglycoside-3'-O-phosphotransferase, neomycin/kanamycin resistance

aac3iii: Aminoglycoside N-acetyltransferase, which modifies aminoglycosides by acetylation.

aadd: Aminoglycoside O-nucleotidylyltransferase, which modifies aminoglycosides by adenylylation.

ant2ia: Aminoglycoside O-nucleotidylyltransferase, which modifies aminoglycosides by adenylylation.

ant2ib: Aminoglycoside O-nucleotidylyltransferase, which modifies aminoglycosides by adenylylation.

aph3ia: Aminoglycoside O-phosphotransferase, which modifies aminoglycosides by phosphorylation.

aph3ib: Aminoglycoside O-phosphotransferase, which modifies aminoglycosides by phosphorylation.

aph3ic: Aminoglycoside O-phosphotransferase, which modifies aminoglycosides by phosphorylation.

aph3iia: butirosin gentamincin_b kanamycin neomycin paromomycin ribostamycin

aph3iiia: Aminoglycoside O-phosphotransferase, which modifies aminoglycosides by phosphorylation.

aph3iva: Aminoglycoside O-phosphotransferase, which modifies aminoglycosides by phosphorylation.

aph3via: Aminoglycoside O-phosphotransferase, which modifies aminoglycosides by phosphorylation.

aph3viia: Aminoglycoside O-phosphotransferase, which modifies aminoglycosides by phosphorylation.

norm: Multi antimicrobial extrusion (MATE) efflux family protein. Multidrug resistance efflux pump.
Comments：

Kanamycin (Kantrex) is an aminoglycoside antibiotic, available in oral, intravenous, and intramuscular forms, and used to treat a wide variety of infections. Kanamycin is isolated from Streptomyces kanamyceticus.